Reference
Ritchie, S. J., & Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2018). How Much Does Education Improve Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis. Psychological Science, 29(8), 1358-1369. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797618774253
Review
In this article, Ritchie and Tucker-Drob (2018) explore the relationship between education and intelligence, specifically whether more education leads to increased intelligence. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 142 effect sizes from 42 data sets, involving over 600,000 participants, using quasi-experimental methods including controlled associations, instrumental variables, and regression-discontinuity designs. The results reveal a consistent, positive effect of education on cognitive abilities, with an increase of 1 to 5 IQ points for each additional year of education.
The authors' robust analysis further highlights the durability of the observed effects, as they persist across various life stages and all broad categories of cognitive ability. This finding is significant, as it suggests that education is a consistent and reliable method for increasing intelligence. By using various research designs, Ritchie and Tucker-Drob (2018) strengthen the validity of their findings, making a compelling case for the importance of continued education in promoting cognitive development.
Overall, the study by Ritchie and Tucker-Drob (2018) offers valuable insight into the impact of education on intelligence, and its findings have important implications for policymakers and educators. The results underscore the significance of investing in education to promote cognitive growth, which can contribute to individual and societal success. This study lays a strong foundation for future research exploring the specific mechanisms through which education may enhance intelligence and cognitive abilities.
