Reference
Schmidt, F. L. (2011). A Theory of Sex Differences in Technical Aptitude and Some Supporting Evidence. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(6), 560-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691611419670
Review
In this article, Frank L. Schmidt explores the origins of sex differences in technical aptitudes. Schmidt posits that these differences stem from disparities in experience and interests in technical areas, rather than inherent differences in general mental ability (GMA). Using a large data set, the author tests four predictions and finds supporting evidence for each.
In the first paragraph, Schmidt establishes that the construct level correlation between technical aptitude and GMA is larger for females than males, indicating that females' technical aptitude is more strongly related to GMA. The second paragraph discusses the observed and true score variability of technical aptitude being greater among males than females, suggesting that males exhibit a wider range of technical aptitudes. In the third paragraph, the author explains that females have lower levels of technical aptitude at every level of GMA, and using technical aptitude measures as estimates of GMA for decision-making purposes could underestimate the GMA levels of girls and women.
Given the weight GMA holds in predicting job performance, the study's findings suggest that technical aptitude tests may underpredict the job performance of female applicants and employees for many jobs. Schmidt's work highlights the need for future research to examine this question further and explore potential implications on employment opportunities for women.
